Since 2005, Volkswagen officially launched 1.4T (EA111) engine, their small-displacement supercharger era fully opened. Although this 1.4T engine in 2012 has been updated to EA211, but in addition to changing the cylinder material, in fact, not much difference. 15 years later, with the continuous release 8th generation Golf and Audi A3 new generation, they are equipped with the 1.5T EA211evo engine will officially take over the mantle of their predecessors, created a peer Volkswagen Group to become small-displacement supercharged!
As the Volkswagen Group is most of the main small-displacement turbocharged engine, in addition to golf 8 and A3, Sagitar Passat Magotan Tiguan, Audi A4, Q3 and Skoda models will be part of this dress code after another EA211evo the 1.5T engine. Can also be seen from the engine code, this 1.5T engine is cash 1.4T of “evolution Edition”, which is the evolution version.
In the structure, the new 1.5T inline four-cylinder engine is still using the layout and spacing, and the cylinder bore and 1.4T engine remains the same, but increased stroke from 80mm 85.9 displacement mm, and thus enhance the engine from the original 1395ml to 1498ml. In addition, the new 1.5T engine also has a low-power and high-power version, the maximum horsepower respectively 131 and 150, and cash 1.4T remains the same, which indicates that this generation engine upgrades goal is not to improve performance.
Since the new engine performance did not increase, and that is what the new generation to do?
The answer is only two words: regulations. In response to increasingly stringent worldwide emissions and fuel consumption regulations, existing Volkswagen 1.4T engine has begun to show signs of fatigue, then, EA211evo born.
that EA211evo exactly what the use of technology to improve emissions and fuel economy of the engine it? Then we talk one by one.
As the performance and byReasons of economy, the public for the new 1.5T engine launched a high, low-power version, and the application of different techniques for both power Let’s say for a low-power version of the 1.5T which technologies are used.
is well known, a conventional Otto cycle engine is used, i.e. in the engine compression ratio = expansion. However, according to the principles of thermodynamics, if the expansion ratio in the engine compression ratio can be greater than it, the combustion efficiency of the engine increases, in theory, more fuel-efficient.
Thus the public on the added low power EA211evo Miller cycle, the intake valves of the engine to reduce turn-on time by a low lift of the intake camshaft, the intake stroke during early intake valve closing, so that a small amount of air is expanded into more volume, thereby improving the expansion ratio of the engine.
Briefly, the structure of the low power 1.5T engine compression ratio of 12.5: 1, but each of the intake air is only sucked 10.5 parts by closing intake valve in advance, then only 10.5 parts of this compressed air. After the spark plug ignites, it expands to 10.5 parts 12.5 parts of air, so the actual compression ratio of this engine is only 10.5, but the expansion ratio reached 12.5, will therefore enhance the thermal efficiency.
Of course, the Miller cycle only disadvantage is that it respond to low load conditions, the high power output is not good, then this low-power engine retains 1.5T a conventional Otto-cycle condition, at high engine loads by VVT variable valve timing adjusting opening and closing time of the intake valve technology in 0.25 seconds. So this is a two cycle engine operating conditions, which is commonly known as the “two-cycle engine,” which is the old 1.4T engine models are not available. Meanwhile, thanks to the addition of the double loop technology, the theoretical thermal efficiency of the engine 1.5T this low power reached 37.5% or more, and only one step away Honda 38 weight percent of 1.5T.
In fact, we can not say how advanced two-cycle technology, after all, back in 2011 in Mazda engine Chong Chi blue skyEquipped with the technology, after Toyota 6AR, A25A engine also uses this technique. Meanwhile, the public also had double-cycle technology application on EA888 Gen3b, this engine is mounted on a current sale of the Volkswagen Tiguan L, Skoda Superb 2.0T and other mass-based low-power version (330TSI) models.
As to why the public only on the Miller cycle is a low-power version, mainly because of the Miller cycle special way of acting contrary to the high power output, it is difficult to meet the demand for high-power engine performance. Thus high power engine still maintained EA211evo 10.5: 1 compression ratio is set, and using conventional Otto cycle.
In addition to the Miller cycle technology, also with a public variable area turbine VTG technology EA211evo low power, the technology mainly to make up for the lack of the Miller cycle low-speed torque problem. Adjusted by the electronic control system turbocharger turbine blade angle, thereby adjusting the diameter of the turbocharger, so as to enhance the response speed of the turbocharger, turbo lag reduced to achieve the purpose of enhancing the low torque.
According to the official parameters, this turbine speed in response to the low power 1.5T of the engine 35 to enhance the percentage of the engine than the old 1.4T , and 1400 can be outputted from the rotation start 200Nmiddot; m is the maximum torque, the Miller cycle perfectly complement low torque when weak.
As to why the public is not used to VTG variable geometry turbo 1.5T high-power version of it? This is mainly because the electronic control system to withstand the maximum exhaust temperature of only 880 degrees, due to the high-power version of the exhaust gas temperature is higher than 880 degrees, so this variable area turbine VTG can only be applied at low power version. But the public is also currently with Bosch, Mahle, BorgWarner joint research and development and other suppliers can withstand higher temperatures VTG turbine, the future will be popular on the high power version.
Having a low power version of the Miller cycle-specificAnd variable turbine geometry VTG, let’s talk about 1.5T high-power version of the proprietary technology.
on a low-power version, the engine still uses the traditional cast iron cylinder liner, although low cost, easy to maintain, but the engine weight and internal friction do not have too many advantages. Thus the public for high power engine 1.5T a new version of the application APS (atmospheric plasma spray atmospheric plasma spraying) coating process, the iron alloy coating layer is formed in only about 0.3mm bore surface to replace the original iron cylinder liner. This can reduce weight and piston ring friction and wear, while increasing the heat, reduces the knocking tendency to improve the adaptability to different parts of the world oil.
In fact, this is a very clever idea, have a low-power version of the Miller cycle to ensure fuel consumption, use of VTG ensure power output, efficiency and high-power version of the APS coating ensures the engine is used, although different technology paths, but to achieve the objective is the same, is to minimize fuel consumption while maintaining performance guarantees. As for why the public does not give low-power version using APS technology, the main problem is the cost, because the Miller cycle + VTG has been very expensive!
finished high, low-power version of the proprietary technologies, we’ll talk about 1.4T EA211evo series compared to the old there What technology upgrading, these techniques are designed to improve efficiency and reduce fuel consumption make the effort.
introduced a new series of EA211evo 350bar latest fuel injection technology, within one engine cycle can be achieved 5 consecutive spray oil, compared to 200bar injection older 1.4T engine can lead to better atomization, so that oil and gas and air are mixed more fully, lower fuel consumption while reducing pollutant emissions.
supports the closing cylinder engine technology is actually very large, the current Overseas1.4T engine also has the technology, but the domestic version of castration out of it. This embodiment of the technology is also well understood that the cylinders 2 and 3 in the intake and exhaust camshafts, a set of cams may be added to the slide, when the engine load is low can be let into the exhaust cylinder 2 and 3 all closed valve, and a spark plug while the fuel injection system is no longer working implement cylinder numbers 1, 4-cylinder mode.
The official said, ACT closing cylinder technology can reduce fuel consumption 0.4L / 100km for the engine, and the technology in the new 1.5T engine is standard, that future domestic version of the engine will not castrate this technology!
Compared 1.4T engine cooling system thermostat purely mechanical structure, the new 1.5T engines electronically controlled by the ECU MAP cooling module control unit can control the angle of the rotary valve is controlled by the ECU and the cylinder head cooling water jacket are separated, thus speeding up the warm-up, reduce fuel consumption and emissions.
The advantage of this is to maintain a high temperature in a low load time, thereby reducing heat loss and improve the thermal efficiency. The water temperature is kept relatively low at high loads, knocking is suppressed to improve performance.
Through the above analysis we can see that the general public in order to deal with fuel consumption and emission regulations worldwide for EA211evo engine made a lot of improvements upgrade, this wave of “examination” doing quite place.
but the public is also very clear his mind, after all, just EA211 EA211evo upgrade, rather than a completely new generation of technology, because we just did not see the rise of the ISG on EA211evo motor, even with 48V light mixing system version is relatively old BSG belt motor, indicating the rising star of the public as well as some technical reservations for this small displacement.
As it was then, like changes in the Mercedes-Benz M274 to M264, EA211evo is to the EA211, more like a “mid-term facelift,” so I can look forward to moreVW EA311 future will launch a truly revolutionary technology (perhaps called this) engine. Not surprisingly, then, the future of China-made new generation A3 and the eighth-generation Golf will be equipped with this new 1.5T engine, specific fuel consumption of power and have to wait for the next test drive experience!
Do you think the public’s advanced engine technology?