1. Driveline
concept of intelligent vehicle powertrain integration control
integrated control thought
[ 123] automotive powertrain control integration is the application of electronic technology and the automatic transmission theory, an electronic control unit (ECU) as a core, and the separation of the clutch engagement is controlled by a hydraulic actuator, the shift select operation, the electronic control device and start fueling the engine to achieve, robotic shift. The basic idea is to control: a state according to the intention of the driver (accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a joystick, etc.) and the vehicle (engine speed, input shaft speed, vehicle speed, gear position), according to appropriate control laws (in other speed law, the law of clutch engagement, etc.), by means of corresponding actuator (the clutch actuator, the shift select actuator) and an electronic device (electronic device control fueling of the engine) of the vehicle powertrain (engine, clutch, gearbox) joint manipulation.
Integrated control
integrated powertrain control system is generally divided into three categories:
(1) a two-or multi-machine way communication. Information sharing between the engine ECU and the transmission ECU. This control method makes full use of sophisticated engine and transmission control, changes to the original system less easy to implement, low cost of development, but as more wires, integration is not high.
(2) using a single ECU to achieve the overall control of the engine and the transmission. The advantage is that high integration, to reduce external wiring, improved reliability, but higher requirements for the ECU, the high development costs. Power control system on the Lexus Ls400 car, the engine and the automatic transmission A341 E intelligent control system with a fourth gear with the same ECU, the ECU is a microcomputer with an automatic transmission shift control, the locking time, the planetary gear system actuators (clutch, Brakes) and hydraulic engine torque during a shift, the shift to achieve the best quality.
(3) The overall control structure CAN bus. Currently used in the car more CAN bus structure, the engine and the transmission are connected to two control subsystem via CAN bus as shown in FIG. Via CAN bus between the two systems can not only transfer commands, status requests and the basic vehicle (e.g., engine speed, vehicle speed, cooling water temperature, etc.), but also a strong requirement for some real-time data such as oil, the speed signal and so set a higher priority.
2 vehicle powertrain control system integrated basic components
function of the control system is based on changes in the driver’s intention and the vehicle running environment, automatically adjust the foundation and operating state of the transmission ratio of the transmission member, to achieve an optimal efficiency of the drive train and the best overall performance of the vehicle. Generally, the vehicle control system mainly consists of three major data acquisition system of the vehicle (sensor portion), the electronic control unit and the actuator components.
(1) vehicle data acquisition system (sensor portion) of the composition. In the entire control system, part of the role of the sensor equal to the artificial vision shift operation of the vehicle where the driver, auditory and tactile systems, the parameters required by the various signal acquisition and a shift to the electronic control unit.
the vehicle is traveling and working as intended by the driver, the vehicle control system must be able to correctly identify and implement manipulation of the driver. It is intended to identify the driver of the vehicle control means (e.g. an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, steering wheel angle, etc) that were tested by the sensor, and obtained through the analysis.
a sensor used in the car are the following: magnetic sensors, magnetoresistive sensors, photoelectric sensors, Hall sensor, a thermal sensor, a variable resistance sensor, a piezoelectric crystal type sensor. In the transmission portion the driveline sensors used are: an engine speed sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, a throttle opening degree sensor, a displacement sensor of the clutch. Wherein the sensor is an engine speed sensor, a vehicle speed sensor using a Hall magnetic sensors and magnetic sensors using the principle of an electric signal, a throttle opening sensor and the displacement sensor are used clutch rheostatic sensor.
In addition toTo the sensor, other signals and control signals transmitted by a switch or other means. Common multi-function switch has a switch, forced switch, low. Switch is also very important signal input means.
(2) the electronic control unit. An electronic control unit (ECU) is the core of the control system. Its function is to detect the motion state parameter signals provided by the vehicle according to the driver’s intention and performs gear shift or change the operating state. The main functions of the electronic control unit has: a signal acquisition and pre-processing, a driver identification operation intention, the vehicle state identification, decision shift (shift schedule), the shift quality control, failure diagnosis function, and the like, and outputs display.
a new generation of controller features a very comprehensive, very good control performance, the use of high-performance 16-bit or 32-bit microprocessor, and some even use a custom microprocessor, contains control needed most function simplifies the control circuit and enhance the functionality and reliability of the circuit. Japan, for example JATC Q’s NEC and Motorola products use 16-bit and 32-bit microprocessors; German company ZF 32-bit Motorola POWERPC microprocessor developed a five-speed automatic transmission mdash; mdash; SHP19 the shift controller . Since the replacement of the microprocessor controller, the shift control is more complicated, since the peripheral circuits and the extension processor, input-output function more robust. In order to improve the control performance for greater, not only the use of the control program in the controller, also uses embedded real-time operating system.
(3) the actuator. After the control system obtained by sampling the input signal, to the controller for data processing, data processing after the end of the electronic control unit of the control channel One will achieve the power train operation state change by the actuator, to ensure that the performance of the vehicle control. A shift actuator simultaneously ensure quality control. Implemented range shifting actuator solenoid valves are normally used.