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an ABS anti-lock brake system
Introduction:
is an anti-lock braking system ABS stands for Anti-lock Brake System, i.e. ABS, It can be installed on any vehicle with hydraulic brakes. It is a rubber bladder by the valve body when the brakes, brake oil pressure to give, to the valve body filled ABS, the air in air bag using the intermediate compartment return pressure, avoid wheel lock point.
ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) anti-lock braking system, the wheel will be locked signal sent by the sensor mounted on the wheel, the controller instructs the regulator to reduce the wheel cylinder oil pressure, the braking torque is reduced after a certain time, and then restore the original hydraulic pressure, so that the constant cycle (up to 5 to 10 times per second), the wheel is always in rotation and have a maximum braking torque .
ABS car is not installed, if the brake pedal force, wheel speed will rapidly decrease during running, the wheels when the braking force exceeds the frictional force with the ground, the wheels will be locked completely hold dead wheels tire friction with the ground will decrease, if the front wheels are locked, the driver can not control the direction of travel of the vehicle, if the rear wheels are locked, it is very prone to sliding phenomenon.
ABS This technology was originally applied on the train, after used in aircraft, is now very popular, can be seen traces of it on more than 100,000 yuan level car, on some buses are also equipped with ABS. Vehicle equipped with ABS and so on in the face of snow, freezing rain or slippery road surface, can be assured of the steering wheel, brake. It not only effectively prevent the occurrence of accidents, but also reduce the wear on the tires, but it does not make cars shorten the braking distance, but in some cases will increase.
Tip: In case of emergency, be sure to step on the brake pedal in the end, in order to activate ABS systems, then there will be some shake the brake pedal, and sometimes there are some voices, but they can not let go, suggesting that the ABS system comes into play.
Principle:
during braking, ABS wheel speed sensor in accordance with each speed signal coming can quickly judge whether the locked state of the wheel, the wheel lock top closure start input solenoid valve normally open, so that the braking force constant, if the wheel continues to lock, the solenoid valve opens the normally closed output, the brake on a wheel Since the pressure of the brake fluid reservoir tank occurs through the conduit rapidly down, the braking force is prevented because the wheel is too large to completely lock. At the same time, opened the main control valve is energized, the brake fluid pressure can enter the dynamic brake, the brake fluid from the dynamic pressure line through the dynamic power control of the main valve, the master cylinder reaches the outer edge of the front gasket input working line and so forth (the operating frequency of 3-12 times / sec), so that the braking state is always in the optimum point (slip ratio S is 20 percent), to achieve the best braking effect, the safest road.
the brake fluid in the master cylinder interior chamber in front of the dynamic pressure of the brake fluid, which sleeve is moved rightward to drive the reaction, the reaction sleeve in turn pushes the booster piston so that the push rod of the brake pedal to the right . Therefore, the ABS work to time, the driver can feel the foot pedal vibrate, I heard some noise.
After the deceleration of the vehicle, once the ABS computer detects wheel locking condition disappears, it makes the main control valve is closed, so that the braking system into normal working state. If the accumulator pressure drops to a safe limit, the fault indicator red and amber ABS brake failure indicator light. In this case, the driver use a large deep soil fertility brake pedal to the way of the front and rear wheels to brake effectively.
Category:
First, the classification by the manufacturer, is classified according to two control channels. The following describes a method of classification by channel.
In the ABS, capable of independently adjusting brake pressure control channel is referred to as the brake pipe. ABS control passage means is divided into four-channel, three-channel, two-channel type and a channel type.
(1) FourChannel formula: There are four four-channel ABS wheel speed sensor, the wheel brake cylinder in the four leading line, each with a brake pressure regulator means for independent control, control in the form of four-channel configuration. Guangzhou Honda four-channel ABS system that is used.
Characteristics: As is a four-channel ABS wheel speed signal of each sensor input, respectively, independent control of each wheel, so that a high utilization coefficient of adhesion, can maximize the use of each brake the maximum adhesion of the wheels. Four-channel control is particularly suitable for the left and right sides of the wheel car close adhesion coefficient road, you can not only get a good directional stability and direction control, and the shortest braking distance can be obtained. But if the car adhesion coefficient greatly different left and right wheels (the road surface such as ice or water), the braking force when the braking surface on the difference between two large wheels, thus generating a yaw moment to the vehicle body, Ltd. the larger side of the power deviation, cars can not be maintained in a predetermined direction, it will affect the stability of vehicle braking direction. Accordingly, the driver in water or some other slippery icy road driving, the vehicle speed should be reduced, not blindly believe ABS apparatus.
(2) Three-channel formula: is a three-channel ABS independent control both front wheels, two rear wheels with the control principle selected from at low (i.e., a channel controlled by the two wheels to ensure adhesion than small wheels do not lock principle), also known as hybrid control. This means Santana 2000GSi ABS with both.
Features: The two rear wheels together at low control principle selected to be equal to ensure the car under various conditions, a braking force of the two rear wheels, even if both sides of the wheel adhesion coefficient difference between the larger, two a wheel braking force are restricted to a small level of adhesion, the braking force of the two rear wheels remain balanced, to ensure the car under various conditions have a good directional stability during braking. Of course, when the two rear wheels with the principle of control by the low value selector, problems may arise adhesion coefficient larger rear side of the adhesion can not be sufficiently utilized, so that the total vehicle braking force is reduced. It will be seen that during emergency braking, since the forward axle load occurs, the total braking force of a motor vehicle, the proportion occupied by the rear wheel braking force is reduced, especially in front wheel drive cars, the front wheel attachment much greater focus than the adhesion of the rear wheels, rear wheel braking force is usually only accounted for about 30 percentage braking force, rear-wheel adhesion failure to chargeThe use of sub-loss has little effect on the total braking force of the car.
Out of 60 km / h the emergency braking Santana comparative tests carried out in 2000, there is no specific models ABS ABS braking models only a short distance 1 m, but there are always models ABS direction, do not lose control of the direction. Independent control of the two front wheels, the main consideration cars, particularly front-wheel drive vehicle, the front wheel braking force occupied in a larger proportion of total vehicle braking (up to 70 percent), can take advantage of two adhesion of the front wheels. Cars on the one hand as large as possible total braking force, help shorten the braking distance, on the other hand two front braking can always maintain large lateral adhesion, making the car to maintain good steering capability. Although the two front wheels may lead to two separate control unbalanced front wheel braking force, but the two front wheel braking force imbalance affecting the stability of the car traveling direction is relatively small, and can affect the manipulation of the steering by the driver resulting correction. Thus, three-channel ABS is widely used on cars.
(3) two channels of formula: in two-channel ABS directional stability is difficult, various aspects of the steering control and braking performance was compromised, using very little current.
(4) a passage formula: ABS is often called a channel-type single-channel ABS, it is provided a brake pressure control manifold in the rear wheel brake, a wheel mounted on the final drive speed of the rear axle sensors (also each mounted on a rear wheel).
Advantages:
When the wheel is about to reach the next lock point, such that the brake fluid pressure acting airbag repeated, thus may act in a 60 seconds to 120 views, corresponding to keep the brakes, relaxation, i.e. similar to the mechanical ldquo; snub rsquo ;. Accordingly, ABS anti-lock system, to avoid loss of control during emergency braking direction and the wheel slip, the wheel is not locked during braking, to prevent the tire friction with the ground at one point, thereby increasing the frictional force, so that the brake efficiency of 90% or more, while reducing brake consumption and extend brake drum, disc and tire double life. Vehicle equipped with ABS skid performance reached a dry asphalt road, rain, snow and other road surface 80, respectively The percentage mdash; 90 percentages, 30 percentage mdash; 10 percentages, 15 percentagemdash; 20 percentage.
TIPS:
anti-lock brake system can improve vehicle stability and braking performance of a braking situation most. This system automatically during emergency braking ldquo; pulsatile release step rdquo; braking to avoid wheel locking.
electronic brake force distribution (EBD) prevents over-braked rear wheels, and may be more effective for the rear axle braking force control. When
speed of over 11 km / h (7 miles / hour), you may also hear the rattling noise and fine motor number. The noise in the system for periodic self-test performance to determine the anti-lock brake system is working properly. Each time the vehicle start and acceleration over 11 km / h (7 miles / hour) will operate the self-test.
Under certain road or braking, the vehicle will start during braking anti-lock brake system. Anti-lock braking system may include freezing, snow, gravel when, bumps, railroad track, road or other loose rock emergency braking start.
When the system enters the anti-lock braking state, you may also experience the following conditions:
lt; 1gt; motor lock braking system operation (after stopping the car, it might continue to operate for a short time);
lt; 2gt; click when the action of the solenoid valve;
lt; 3gt; brake pedal pulsation;
lt; 4gt; at the final stage of braking, the brake pedal will be small decrease or slowly drop phenomenon.
These are the characteristics of the normal anti-lock braking system.
antilock brake system with sophisticated electronic devices, these devices may be subject to interference or is not properly installed power radio transmission apparatus. These disturbances may result in the loss of antilock braking capability. This equipment should be installed to a qualified expert.
Continuous discharge step on the brake pedal will be reduced so that the anti-lock brake performance, and may cause an accident. Continuous discharge step on the brake pedal will increase the braking distance. If you want quick deceleration or braking, pleaseContinuously hard slam the brake pedal.
Driving Safety:
Tip:
lt; 1gt; antilock braking system (ABS) can not be prevented the natural laws of physics to cars occurs role, its braking or steering to improve the efficiency does not go beyond the conditions for automotive braking force itself, or traction tires provided.
lt; 2gt; ABS can not be prevented because those high-speed cornering, tight with the car accident or hydroplaning caused. To avoid manipulation techniques rely on driver safety, driving intently and skilled accidents.
lt; 3gt; Never drive with reckless adventure mode to excessive use of cars equipped with ABS function, doing so threatens to safe driving himself and others. All wheels of the vehicle must have the same size and type of tire, and the tire must be inflated properly in order to send a signal to the computer accurate.
ABS warning lamp:
ABS warning lamp monitoring an antilock braking system. The warning lamp when the ignition switch is turned to ON position, the lighting will last for four seconds.
If the ABS warning lights on or lit during running, which means that part of the anti-lock braking system out of action, must be repaired. However, if the brake warning lamp is not lit, it shows a conventional braking system can still work.
If the ABS warning lamp, a brake system needs to be checked to restore functionality antilock brake system as soon as possible. If the ignition switch is turned to ON position, ABS warning lamp is not lit, quickly repair the lamp.
If the brake warning lamp and the ABS warning lights are lit, then the anti-lock brake system (ABS) and the electronic brake force distribution (EBD) function will be lost. We must immediately repair the anti-lock braking system.