1, Principle
turbocharged engine is by fuel combustion in the cylinder to generate power for power, since the amount of fuel sucked into the cylinder by the input air amount restriction, thus the power generated by the engine It will be limited, if the performance of the engine has been running at its best, and then increase the output power can be increased only by the amount of fuel compressed air into the cylinder more, thereby improving the combustion work capacity. Thus, in the present technical conditions, a turbocharger is only enables the engine output power increases, the efficiency of the same in the case of mechanical means.
is actually a turbocharger air compressor, compressed air to increase the intake air amount of the engine, in general, is the use of an exhaust gas turbocharger inertia momentum of the engine exhaust to drive a turbine chamber a turbine, and a turbine impeller driven coaxial impeller feeding the air sent from the air cleaner duct, so that pressurized into the cylinder. When the engine speed is faster, the speed of exhaust gases and the turbine speed is also faster synchronization, impeller to compress more air into the cylinder, the air increases the pressure and density can burn more fuel, a corresponding increase in the amount of fuel and engine adjustments speed, can increase the output power of the engine.
you may feel turbocharger is very complicated, it is not complicated, mainly by the turbocharger turbine room and turbocharger components. The first is connected to the air intake manifold of the engine of the turbine chamber, an exhaust port is connected to the exhaust pipe. Is then connected to the air intake duct and the air cleaner turbocharger, an exhaust port connected to the intake manifold, and a turbine wheel are finally installed in the chamber and the turbo supercharger, both coaxially rigidly coupled.
2. Category
a turbocharger, supercharger systems: the means mounted to the engine by a belt connected to the engine crankshaft, the power obtained from the engine output shaft to drive the supercharger rotor rotation, so that the pressurized air is blown into the intake manifold hang. The advantage is the same as the turbine speed and the engine, there is no hysteresis, very smooth power output. However, since the rotary shaft is mounted inside the engine, so it is a part of the power consumption, the effect is not high supercharging.
2, the pressure wave supercharger system: high-pressure exhaust gas pulse wave forcing compressed air. Such systems supercharging performance is good, but the overall good acceleration means relatively bulky, not very suitable for installation in a smaller volume inside the car.
3, exhaust gas turbocharger system: This is usually the most common of the turbocharger, the turbocharger and the engine without any mechanical contact, in fact, is an air compressor compressed air through increase the gas flow. It is the use of exhaust gas discharged from the engine inertia momentum of the turbine to drive the turbine chamber, a turbine wheel and coaxial driven, the impeller feeding the air sent from the air cleaner duct, so that pressurized into the cylinder. When the engine speed is faster, the speed of exhaust gases and evil also synchronize faster wheel speed, impeller to compress more air into the cylinder, the air increases the pressure and density can burn more fuel, a corresponding increase in the amount of fuel the engine may increase output power. Generally, the engine power after the installation of an exhaust gas turbocharger and the torque is increased to 20 percentage -30 percentage. However, the exhaust gas turbocharger technology has its place must be noted that the pump and the turbine wheel connected by a shaft, which is driven by the exhaust pump rotor, engine-out wheel, the turbine driven pump wheel rotation, the rotation of the turbine to the intake system booster. Turbocharger installed in the exhaust side of the engine, the supercharger operating temperature is high, and the turbocharger rotor speed during operation is very high, can reach hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute, such a high speed and temperature such that the common mechanical needle or ball bearings as the rotor can not work, and therefore widely used turbochargers fully floating bearing, the lubrication oil is performed, there is a coolant for cooling the supercharger.
4, Charging System: i.e., an exhaust gas turbocharger and the supercharger and used to help supercharger torque output at low speed, but power output is limited at high speed; the exhaust turbocharger It has a strong power output at high speed, low speed but is powerless. Engine designers conceived so they combine with a supercharger and a turbocharger, two technologies to address their shortcomings, while addressing the low torque and high power output. This device uses the high-power diesel engines are more dual pressurization system (Charging System) models is still relatively small gasoline engines, the public 1.4 TSI engine (this engine output torque both low-speed and high power output. at low speed, mechanicalMost of the supercharging pressure boost provided, at 1 500rpm, while providing two turbocharger boost pressure. As the speed increases, the turbocharger allows the engine to obtain more power, while the supercharging pressure of the supercharger decreases. Supercharger through an electromagnetic clutch control, which together with the water pump. When the speed exceeds 3500 rpm for, all of the supercharging pressure by the turbocharger, supercharger case completely separated from the engine under the action of the electromagnetic clutch, to prevent power consumption of the engine) using this system. Its engine output power, low fuel consumption, low noise, but the structure is too complex, high technology, maintenance is not easy, it is difficult to spread.
3, shortcomings
turbocharger turbocharger can indeed enhance the power of the engine, but it also has many disadvantages, the most obvious is the power output response lag. We look at the works related to the previous turbocharged know that change slow response time due to the inertia of the impeller on the throttle suddenly, that increase horsepower from your big feet step on the gas, the more air to the impeller rotating pressure get into the engine exists a time difference between a larger power, and this time is not short. Usually after modified turbocharger have at least about 2 seconds to increase or decrease engine power output. If you want to sudden acceleration, then there will be an instant feeling not to mention the speed.
As technology advances, although various manufacturers are used in the turbocharger to improve turbocharger technology, but due to the design principle problem, so the turbocharger to drive the car is mounted feeling and large displacement cars have a certain surprise. For example say we bought a 1.8T turbo supercharged car, in actual driving, 2.4L certainly not accelerate, but spent a long period of waiting period 1.8T’s power will also pounced, so if you’re after the feeling of driving it, turbocharged engine is not for you, if you are running high speed and the like, turbocharged it seems particularly useful.
If your car regularly travel within the city, then you really need to think about whether you need turbocharged, because the turbine is not all the time to start, in fact,Daily traffic, the chance to start turbocharged little or no use, which brings the impact to the daily performance of a turbocharged engine. On turbo Nasibalu (Fuji) Impreza, its start in 3500, and the most obvious point is the power output at around 4000 rpm, this time there will be second acceleration feeling, and continues to 6000 rpm or even higher. General city driving our actual shift are only between 2000-3000, 5-speed can be up to 3500 rpm speed estimated 120 were broken up, that is unless you deliberately stay in low gear, or not more than 120 kilometers per hour turbo will not start. It did not start turbocharged 1.8T your will in fact nothing more than a 1.8-powered vehicle only, 2.4 power can only be your role in the psychological. In addition there are turbocharged maintenance of maintenance problems, so they took Bora 1.8T is about 60,000 kilometers to be replaced turbine, though the number is not that much, after all, in their own cars to the intangible added a sum maintenance costs, the economic environment is not particularly good owners is particularly noteworthy.
4, the
A turbocharger is a turbocharger using the engine exhaust to drive a turbine, which then advanced or how a mechanical apparatus, since the working environment, it is often in the high speed, high temperature operation under , the exhaust gas turbocharger turbine end temperature above 600 degrees, the supercharger rotational speed is very high, so in order to ensure the normal operation of the turbocharger, its proper use and maintenance is important. We should follow the following main ways:
1, after starting the car engine, not slam the accelerator pedal should be idle for three minutes, which is to enable the engine oil temperature, the flow properties changed for the better, so that the turbocharger is fully lubricated, before increasing engine speed, start driving, this is particularly important in the winter, at least hot car for more than five minutes.
2 after prolonged engine speed operation, it can not immediately turn off. The reason is that when the engine is operating, some of the oil supplied to the turbocharger rotor and bearing lubrication, for the running of the engine after a sudden cooling down, oil pressure rapidly drops to zero, the machineLubricating oil is interrupted, the heat inside the turbocharger oil can not be taken away, then the temperature of the turbocharger will spread the intermediate portion, the bearing support housing the heat can not be quickly taken away, while the turbocharger rotor still under high-speed rotation inertia. This will result between the turbocharger shaft and the sleeve “killed” and damage to the bearings and shaft. Further engine suddenly after the flame, the exhaust manifold temperature is high at this time, the heat is absorbed to the turbocharger housing, the oil will remain in the interior of the turbocharger boiled coke. When coke piled this will block the oil inlet is large, resulting in the sleeve in oil, accelerated wear between the turbine shaft and the hub. Thus should the engine stall before three minutes idle role turbocharger rotor speed decreases. Also noteworthy is the same turbocharged engine idle time is not suitable, generally should be maintained within 10 minutes. 
turbocharger 3, selected oil must pay attention. Since the effect of the turbocharger, the air mass and volume into the combustion chamber has greatly improved, the engine more compact, more reasonable, higher compression ratio, the higher the working strength of the engine. Machining precision is also higher, more stringent requirements assembly technology. All of these decisions are high temperature, high speed, high power, high torque, the working characteristics of the turbo engine of low emission. At the same time also determines the internal parts of the engine to withstand higher temperatures and larger impact, compression and shear working conditions. So the choice of turbocharged car motor oil, must take into account its specificity, the oil used must be good abrasion resistance, high temperature, oil film build blocks, high film strength and good stability. And semi-synthetic oil or synthetic oil just to meet this requirement, it is preferable to use the oil in addition to the original oil provisions can also use synthetic oil, semi-synthetic oil of high quality lubricants.
4, engine oil and filter must be kept clean to prevent impurities from entering, because with a small gap between the shaft and the sleeve of the turbocharger, the lubricating oil is decreased if, by the turbine will result in premature retirement of pressure.
5, time required to clean the air filter to prevent dust and other impurities into the high-speed rotation of the compressor impeller, the rotational speed causing instability or increased wear bushings and seals.
6, always check the turbocharger seal ring is sealed. Because if the sealing ring is not sealed, the exhaust gases will pass the sealRing into the engine lubrication system, the oil becomes dirty, and the rapid increase in crankcase pressure, oil will in addition from the exhaust through the sealing ring during low engine speeds or into the combustion chamber, resulting in excessive consumption of oil produced ” burning oil situation, “the.
7, the turbocharger should always check if any unusual or abnormal sound vibration, and the lubricating oil tube fittings have no leaks.
8, the turbocharger rotor bearing high precision, work environment requires maintenance and installation is very strict, so when the supercharger should malfunction or damage to the designated maintenance repair station, and not to ordinary repair shop.
1 maintenance, to keep the air cleaning filter
Compared with ordinary engines, turbocharged engine for a higher cleaning requirements. Because if impurities into the compressor impeller, the rotational speed will result in instability or increased wear bushings and seals.
2, clean engine oil
turbocharged engine oil requirements are relatively high, it must be kept clean. Also, if oil deterioration must be promptly replaced. Otherwise, the lubricating ability of oil drops, it will result in insufficient lubrication of the turbocharger bearing damage, increased maintenance costs, and even cause premature turbocharger scrapped.
3, immediately turn off the car and left on the turbocharged engine is not good
After the engine idling while the best launch, the sufficient amount of oil-lubricated bearings, engine play a very good protection. Further, the high-speed operation of the engine for a long time, should be 3-5 minutes then turn off idle, otherwise, would cause overheating of the oil retention within the turbocharger shaft and bearing damage. Application With the development of automobile industry, turbochargers will be more applications to the car, 1.8T, 2.0T, and now the 1.4T, more and more models will be equipped with
turbochargers then what role does the main turbine, simply put, is the use of exhaust gas circulation, increase power. After a steam displacement of only 1.4
car, equipped with turbocharged power on average than comparable cars 1.8,1.4 1.8 of car fuel efficient around 20 percentage others in our whole world [123 ]
in advocating environmental impact, the car manufacturers are interested in making small cars, increased power, reduced emissions, pollution is reduced, whichManufacture
The most mind the effect of the turbine.
automotive turbo operating principle of the turbocharger is a forced induction system. It compresses the air flowing into the engine, the pressure
allow the engine to the compressed air can be pressed more air in the cylinder, and more air means that more fuel can be injected into the cylinder. Thus,
of each cylinder combustion stroke can produce more power. Turbocharged engine power generated by the engine is much greater than the same general. This would
significantly improve the power of the engine, in order to obtain the lifting of this performance, the use of a turbocharger driven by the engine exhaust turbine rotation, the scroll
rotational pump wheel driven by the . Maximum speed of the turbine in the turbine to 150,000 revolutions per minute – which is equivalent to 30
Most automotive engine speed times. At the same time due to the connection with the exhaust pipe, the temperature of the turbine is usually very high.
Usually a turbocharger installed in the exhaust manifold of the engine. The exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold to drive rotation of the turbine, the turbine via a shaft mounted in the air
coupled between the filter and the compressor intake pipe. The compressor compressed air into the cylinder. Tail gas stream discharged from the cylinder through the turbine blades, the turbine rotation
turn. More exhaust flows through the blades, turbine rotation speed faster. In the other end of the shaft connected to the turbine, compressor air is drawn into the cylinder. Compression
machine is a centrifugal pump that draws in air in the central position of the blade and flung outside air while rotating. In order to accommodate up to 150,000 rev / min
rotational speed, the turbocharger using fluid bearings. Fluid bearing friction can be reduced during rotation of the shaft encounter. Have a turbine connected to the assembly: exhaust branch
pipes, catalytic converters, an intake pipe, pipe, tubing and the like.