refers to an external charging power source and the vehicle charging, the vehicle driven by a motor. The output power of the engine is only disposed for pushing generators. System output power equal to the motor output power. One of the most famous is the Chevrolet Voltec hybrid system, the BMW i3.
1. The extended-range electric Description
● extended-range electric (also known as a series hybrid, electric vehicles are classified into categories in Pacific Automotive Network)
[123 ] alone electrical generator running car, the engine output power is only arranged for pushing generators. System output power equal to the motor output power. One of the most famous is the Chevrolet Voltec, the BMW i3.
this type of model, strictly speaking, remains the
of electric vehicles . Only car an electric drive system , including Motor control circuit, a battery . Extended range of plug-in hybrid directly to the motor driving the wheels , the engine is used to drive a generator to charge the battery. Because the engine is notDirectly drive the wheels, and therefore does not require a gearbox. This is equivalent to an ordinary electric vehicle loaded with a petrol / diesel generators.
Advantages:
1 quiet an electric vehicle, a great advantage breakaway torque, can be a pure electric vehicles, charged under the charging conditions of convenience only, without refueling, low cost;.
2 compared to other hybrid mode, range-extended hybrid transmission can not, slightly lower cost. Due to an engine with power, as long as you can always run down gas station, where convenient charging of the trailer will not be forced to address the shortage of infrastructure problems;
3 because the engine does not directly drive the wheels. engine speed and wheel speed, vehicle speed is not directly related, optimized control system that allows the engine has been working at optimum speed, even when charging inconvenience, fuel consumption under city traffic jam traffic is relatively low, the engine noise can be controlled very small.
Disadvantages:
1 resulting in wasted power. Since the engine and the generator do not directly drive the wheels, resulting in a waste of this part of the power, and the engine and generator is not caused by weight reduction. For example: an extended-range plug-in hybrid car engine power 50KW, generator power 50KW, motor power 100KW, 200KW total power of the vehicle carrying the engine and the motor, but can drive the wheels of power only 100KW.
2. In a road at high speed, but high fuel consumption. This is because the high-speed road, if the engine drives the wheels directly, you can always work in the best mode, and extended-range plug-in hybrid one more conversion process, the conversion itself to consume energy, resulting in higher fuel consumption instead.
Representative models: representative of this type of model BMW I3 (optional extender module), Chevrolet Volt (hidden in the direct drive mode), and Kama Fisker Audi A1 e-tron.
BMW I3
2. The extended-range electric structural features introduced
● System Configuration
In general this type of model, strictly speaking, is still
Electric Vehicle . Only car an electric drive system , including Motor control circuit, a battery . Extended range of plug-in hybrid directly to the motor driving the wheels , the engine is used to drive a generator to charge the battery. Since the engine does not directly drive the wheels, and therefore does not need the transmission. This is equivalent to an ordinary electric vehicle loaded with a petrol / diesel generators.
For the extended range electric type, here we have a choice of Volt, as representative feature Liezi explain.
Chevrolet Volt technical analysis
Voltec hybrid system is the latest version of GM E-Flex socket plug-in hybrid drive system, uses 1 small engine, two motors the vehicle integrated drive system. Using Wal-blue is the capacity of lithium batteries 16kWh of 360V, T-cell compositions are arranged, and central body hidden under the rear seats, the maximum electric mileage up 80km. Voltec entire hybrid system includes a gasoline engine, an integrated power distribution system, high-capacity lithium battery and a power control unit.
● member parse
fertile Landa power system consists of 2 motors (111kW and maximum power of 55kW)And an engine (maximum power of 63kW) composed of an engine for power generation only. Wherein mainly large power motor for driving the vehicle, and the power generation mainly for a small motor.
two motors and power up the engine 1 by the planetary gear mechanism and a clutch are 3 / recovery / distribution system. Toyota THS and the same system, Voltec system also uses a planetary gear set cleverly integrated to achieve a distribution of power. The difference is that, in Voltec system, the sun gear connected to the motor, the carrier is directly connected to the reduction mechanism output power to the wheels, while the ring gear is connected to the actual situation of the power distribution system housing (fixed) or connected to the power and engines.
3. The extended-range electric operating logic Introduction
operating logic
to understand the operation of the system logic, we must first understand structure power distribution system. From the power distribution control system is quite different Voltec with THS system, the power distribution system to control Voltec through three clutches. We named these three clutches C1, C2, C3. C1 for connecting the ring gear of the planetary gear housing of the power distribution mechanism (fixed); C2 for connecting the generator to the ring gear of the planetary gear; a C3 for connecting the engine and the generator. The system can be found in the structure diagram in FIG.
Voltec hybrid system a total of 5 kinds of workingOperation mode, respectively: EV low speed mode, the EV-speed mode, low speed mode EREV mixed, high-speed mode and the hybrid EREV energy recovery mode. When
is in the low-speed EV Mode, C1 pull, C2, C3 release, engine stall. The ring gear is fixed, the motor driven rotation of the sun gear, the carrier because rotation of the sun gear is rotated, the power is transmitted to the reduction gear and transmitted to the wheels.
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When a high speed in the EV mode, C2 pull, C1, C3 release, engine stall. In this case the electric motor acts as a generator to work to promote the rotation of the ring gear. Meanwhile, another large power motor driven rotation of the sun gear. Simultaneous rotation of the ring gear and the sun gear, the carrier rotatably driven, whereby the power transmitted to the wheels. The motor acts as a generator driven gear rotates, reduces the speed of the other motor connected to the sun wheel, which increases the energy utilization. When
is in the low speed mode EREV, C1, C3 pull, C2 released engine operation. In this case, the engine driven generator, and charging the battery; while the battery-powered electric motor driven rotation of the sun gear, the ring gear is fixed, the carrier is rotated to follow the sun gear, whereby the power transmitted to the wheels. When
is in the high speed mode EREV, C2, C3 pull, a C1 released engine operation. At this time, the engine and the generator rotor is rotated while the ring gear driven connection generator, the motor driven rotation of the sun gear. Simultaneous rotation of the ring gear and the sun gear, the carrier rotatably driven, whereby the power transmitted to the wheels. A ring gear rotatably driven engine, reduce the speed of the motor is connected to the other sun wheel, which increases the energy utilization.
when in the energy recovery Mode, C1 pull, C2, C3 release, engine stall. Driven wheel rotates the carrier, the ring gear is fixed, the carrier rotates with the sun gear. At this time, large power motor as a generator to charge the battery.