1. Definitions
Leaf springs (Leaf Spring) automotive leaf spring suspension is the most widely used of an elastic member, which is composed of several sheet width but different length (thickness the elastic strength of the beam may be equal, or may not be equal) an alloy of a combination of the leaf spring approximately equal.
2. Category
Leaf springs are divided into two forms:
(1) a multi-leaf spring: range, as the width of the steel sheet is laminated by a plurality of longitudinal add up. Each of the plurality of steel sheets spring steel sheet superimposed an inverted triangle, the longest uppermost sheet, the lowermost end of the shortest sheet, the support sheet weight in bus-related steel sheet, the steel sheet thicker more shorter, more rigid spring Big. However, when a long time after the leaf spring, the sliding friction will be generated noise between the sheets to each other. Relative friction between the steel sheet also cause deformation of the spring, resulting in harshness.
(2) less leaf spring: both ends by the intermediate thin thickness, width and the like as long as the superposition of the steel sheet. Less steel sheet cross-section of the leaf spring changes, from the middle to the ends of the cross-section is gradually different, so the rolling process more complicated, the price expensive than multi-leaf spring. Compared with multiple small leaf spring leaf spring together, at the same stiffness (i.e., the same carrying capacity) is less than a multi-leaf spring leaf spring 50 about the percentage of light, fuel consumption is reduced, increasing the ride comfort. Between the leaf spring and less monolithic point contact, reducing the relative friction and vibration, increase passenger comfort.
3, Principle
When the vertical load leaf spring mounted in the vehicle suspension, is subjected to positive, the respective spring pieces were deformed by the force, upwardly curved arch trend. At this time, axle and frame will be close to each other. When the axle and the frame away from each other, and the forward vertical load deformation suffered by the leaf spring will be gradually reduced, sometimes even reversed.
major force severe ear piece volume, the weak, to improve the forces of the main ear piece volume, often also bent end of the second sheet of the Word, the package sheet outside the main volume of the ear, referred to as packet ear. In order to make the elastic deformation of each sheet may have a relative sliding movement, leaving a large gap between the main sheet and the second sheet pack Curl ear. Both ends of the leaf spring suspension does not make some of the Word, and the use of other support connections, such as rubber support pad.
flat rectangular plate shape curved to the number of sheets folded chassis spring, one end studs mounted on the hanger and the other end connected to a girder lug, the spring retractable. It is currently available for the medium and large cargo trucks.
4, the advantages and disadvantages
automotive spring, the resilient suspension element is conventionally widely used in automobiles. Its advantage is simple structure, reliable, low cost, easy maintenance. It is the resilient suspension element, the suspension means and a guide. One end of the frame is hinged, various forces and moments can be transmitted, and determines the track runout of the wheel. At the same time, it itself has a certain frictional damping effect. Threefold, it is widely used on non-independent suspension.
The disadvantage is that only a non-independent suspension, heavy weight, high rigidity, poor comfort, longer longitudinal dimension, is not conducive to shorten the front suspension and rear suspension vehicle, with the leaf spring connected to the frame at the easy to wear the pin.
Despite many shortcomings, but the leaf spring is still a lot of variety on car use. To improve the performance of the leaf spring, reduce weight, improve life, it appeared tapered leaf springs, single spring.