autonomous vehicles (Autonomous vehicles), also known as unmanned aerial vehicles, computer driving a car, or wheeled mobile robot, is a driverless smart cars through the computer system.
1. Introduction autopilot noun
autonomous vehicles (Autonomous vehicles), also known as unmanned aerial vehicles, computer driving a car, or wheeled mobile robot is a computer system implemented by no smart people driving cars. Automatic driving vehicle technology research and development, in the 20th century also has several decades of history, showing a close practical trend in the early 2000s, relying on artificial intelligence, visual computing, radar, Global Positioning System monitoring device and collaboration, so that the computer may be active without any human operation, the automatic operation of the motor vehicle safely. For example, Google autonomous vehicles in 2012 won the US’s first autonomous vehicle license, expected to enter the market in 2015 and 2017.
2. Autopilot technical principle
automobile autopilot technology, including video cameras, radar sensors and a laser range finder to understand the traffic situation around, and through a detailed map (by someone driving a car collection map) to navigate the road ahead. The low level of automation unmanned distinguish four stages: driving assistance, partially automated, highly automated, fully automated:
1, the driving assistance system (the DAS): object is to provide assistance to the driver, including the provision of important or useful driving-related information, as well as autonomous vehicles in schematic form Google became to send a clear and concise warnings critical time. Such as “Lane Departure Warning” (LDW) systems.
2, partial automation system: The system can automatically intervene when the driver received a warning but failed to take appropriate action, such as “automatic emergency braking” ( AEB) system and “emergency lane assist” (ELA) system.
3. The highly automated system: driver’s responsibility to assume control of the vehicle can be replaced or long or short period of time, but still need the driver to monitor the driver’s activity system.
4, fully automated system: unmanned vehicles, allowing all occupants inside the vehicle and engage in other activities without the need for system monitoring. This level of automation allows multiply engaged in computer work, rest and sleep and other entertainment activities.
3. Structure and Properties
autonomous vehicles using a video camera, radar sensor, and a laser range finder to understand the surrounding traffic situation, and by a detailed map (by someone driving a car acquired map) to navigate the road ahead.
Laser radar:
roof “bucket” shape of the device is an autonomous vehicle laser radar, it can be 60 meters radius surrounding environment scan, and the results are presented in 3D map out, giving the computer the most preliminary judgment basis.
Front camera:
autonomous vehicles Google front camera car rearview mirror placed near a camera, used to identify the traffic lights, and identify the move with the aid of on-board computers object, such as a preceding vehicle, a bicycle or a pedestrian.
left rear wheel sensor:
Many people will think that such first glance the direction control device, and in fact this is a position sensor autonomous vehicles, it is determined by lateral movement of automobiles to help locate the computer to the car, determine its correct position on the road.
, front and rear: the
Master cabin computer Google unmanned driving in automobiles are mounted on four radar sensors (front 3, a rear 1), to measure vehicle front (along with the front camera and measured) between the right and left rear from the individual objects.
the master computer:
autonomous vehicles most important host computer was placed in the rear compartment, Where in addition to computer operations, there are judgment and execution Topcon ranging information integration, a core set of equipment will be responsible for the car’s driving route, way.