1. Electric motor
The electric motor (Electric motor), also known as a motor or an electric motor, an electric energy into mechanical energy, mechanical energy and then using the kinetic energy, for driving other devices Electrical Equipment. Motor are many types, but can be roughly classified into DC motors and AC motors for different applications.
Comparative
Benefits DC motor (DC Motor) is relatively simple in terms of speed control, the control only total magnitude of the voltage is controlled speed, but such a motor not at a high temperature, and other environmental operating flammable, and since the motor is required (brush motor), it is necessary to periodically clean the brushes soil friction generated as the brushes to current converter means (Commutator) a. The brushless motor called a brushless motor, with respect to the brush, brushless motor because of less friction of the brushes on the shaft and therefore less power is relatively quiet. High difficulty level, the higher the price. Alternating current motor (AC Motor) may be operated at a high temperature, and other flammable environment, and do not regularly clean the dirt of the carbon brush, but more difficult in speed control, because the need to control AC motor speed control frequency alternating current (induction or the motor, with increase in the internal resistance of the way, to reduce the rotational speed of the motor at the same frequency of the alternating current), the voltage will only affect the control of the motor torque. General civil motor voltage of 110V and 220V, etc. There are two, in other industrial applications as well as 380V or 440V type.
Principle
based on the principle of rotation of the motor to Fleming’s left-hand rule, when a wire is placed in the magnetic field when the current through the wire, the wire cutting the wires will generate moving magnetic field lines. Current into the coil generates a magnetic field by the magnetic effect of current, so that a fixed electromagnet means continuously rotating magnet, can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Generating a permanent magnet or another magnetic field generated by a coil of another set ofPrinciple power direct current motor is fixed a stator, a rotor according to the direction of movement of the interaction force is generated. AC motor is an alternating current through the coil windings on the stator, a rotating magnetic field, rotating magnetic field to attract the rotor is configured as a substantially direct current motor comprises a rotational movement together ldquo; armature rdquo;, ldquo; field magnet rdquo;, ldquo; slip ring rdquo; , ldquo; brush rdquo ;.
Armature: multi-turn coil may be wound around the soft iron core of the axis of rotation. Field magnet: generating a strong magnetic field of permanent magnets or electromagnets. Collector ring: a current collector to the two coil end about two semicircular ring, with the rotation of the coil, for reversal of the current diverters. Each half turn (180 degrees), the coil current to change direction again. Brush: usually made of carbon, the current collector ring brush contact fixed position, to a power supply for. Many
The basic configuration of type
of the motor to the basic structure, its composition is mainly constituted by a stator (Stator) and a rotor (Rotor).
space stationary stator, the rotor can be rotated about an axis by bearings.
have a certain air gap between the stator and the rotor, in order to ensure that the rotor can rotate freely.
with the rotor about the stator coil, a magnetic field generating current is switched on, it becomes an electromagnet, wherein one of the stator and the rotor may also be a permanent magnet.
the history of
In 1835, it produced the world’s first tram can drive a small motor applications for the United States, a blacksmith Davenport wave (Thomas Davenport). The early 1870s, the world’s first motor can be commercialized invented by Belgian electrical engineer Zenobe Theophile Gamme. In 1888, the famous American inventor Nikola middot; Tesla applied the principle of electromagnetic induction Faraday, AC motor invention, namely the induction motor. In 1845, British physicist Whiston (Wheatstone) patented linear motor, it was only attach importance to the principle in the 1960s, and the design of practical linear motor, has been widely used in industry. In 1902, the Swedish engineer Danielson use the concept of the rotating magnetic field Tesla induction motor, invented the synchronous motor. In 1923, James Weir French invention Scots-phase variable reluctance (Variable reluctance) stepping motor. In 1962, by the help of the Hall element, the practical DC brushless motor has finally come out. 1980, the practical ultrasonic motor began to come.