according to the forces of the vehicle body into non-integral body and two kinds of monocoque.
Non-Unibody
Non-Unibody models we are now in contact with the relatively small, mostly trucks, professional off-road vehicles and the like. Non-bearing rigid car body frame, also known as the large chassis beams. Such frames are generally rectangular or trapezoidal, arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body, we usually can not see. Is a non-bearing body at FIG frame, we can see that many of the above cross-stringers constituting a rectangular configuration.
carrying the entire vehicle body frame, the engine, suspension and body are mounted on the frame. We can see from the picture and a fixed spring base screw hole for fixing the vehicle body frame. So in theory, even without a body, it is a single frame ldquo; naked rdquo; also no problem. So what is the role of the body is it? Obviously, in order to provide a comfortable and safe environment for driver and passenger, as well as for aesthetics.
“In theory, even without the body, is a single frame ldquo; naked rdquo; no problem.”
The biggest advantage of this structure is the high body strength, steel frame provides a strong body rigidity, but also help to improve safety, it is very important for trucks and SUVs for. Also driving this kind of car should have experience of people, hanging on the bumpy road feedback feeling in the car is much minor, because the connection with the method of reducing vibration between some car body and chassis, so Some more smooth and comfortable travel bumpy roads.
“non-load-type body for off-road truck and high-strength”
non-bearing body structure is a long history of chassis form, in the early almost all cars are using this structure. A hundred years ago, the era when the car or custom car, be the first choice when people buy a car chassis, and then re-election on the basis of chassis to choose different styles of different customized vehicle body manufacturer.
However, with the development of the times, the lack of non-bearing bodyPoint is exposed, one of which is heavy, the frame itself is very heavy, the body and frame is two separate components, the overall weight is even greater, with a plurality of steel, the cost will be relatively high . Non-load-type body there is another problem that a center of gravity higher than carrying vehicle. We can imagine, the frame at the bottom, while the body is mounted on the frame, then the body of the frame above the floor anyway. If you have been in non-load-type body structure of professional off-road vehicles may have such a feeling: the whole car looks very tall, but sit in the feeling is not as big, because the floor is also high.
monocoque
for family cars, the biggest problem is the non-bearing body body weight is too large, and thus with the development of automobile technology, it is canceled in the non-bearing structure separate rigid frame, the whole body into a single structure, which is monocoque.
Some readers may see here confused, not monocoque ldquo; Liang rdquo ;? Just wrapped a steel body, it would not be as fragile as the cardboard boxes in everyday driving? Moreover, we often say that they heard the car manufacturers to promote the use of high strength steel beams much MPa, so here ldquo; beam rdquo; and ldquo non-bearing body; beam rdquo; what difference does it make?
Unibody in the end there is no ldquo; rdquo ;, beam carefully to see this picture below, this is an ordinary compact car body semi-finished products, we can see a housing body, a roof and a floor and generally we call a, B, C are three Genzhu connected together. In the stamping stage, the steel plate is first punched into different shapes, and then welded into a complete body. In fact, these components can be broadly divided into two types according to the function: body panels and structural parts.
“body panel”
The so-called cover is covering the body surface of the member, substantially we have seen from outside the vehicle are all part of a cover, for example a door, roof, fenders, etc.Etc., and they usually play a beautiful role shelter, usually not more than a thickness of 1 mm steel stamping. We usually say a car plate Bohou refers to these sites. In fact these areas have limited impact on body strength, so we can not judge the safety of a car crash from Bohou of the body panels. Of course, thicker steel plate in the mild scratching or to resist stronger.
“body structure”
Next we talk about the Unibody so-called ldquo; rdquo ;, its beam scientific name should be called body structure. Hidden under the body structure of the vehicle body cover, the body acts as a support for impact resistance and distributed throughout the body is a steel beam body structure. The figure is a typical steel beam at the front. We can see that it is surrounded by a steel sheet into a closed sectional structure, plate thickness and material specifications to be much higher than the body panel, and in order to effectively absorb impact energy during a collision, which will also welded steel steel beams of different intensities together form an effective energy-absorbing crumple zones. There are not necessarily closed sectional structure of steel beams, which are designed in a variety of different shapes in principle possible to withstand the weight force in a particular direction.
The biggest advantage than monocoque lightweight, and low center of gravity, the interior space utilization is higher than the non-bearing body structure, so that the field in the family car It has replaced the non-bearing body structure. But Unibody torsional rigidity and load carrying capacity is relatively weak, so in the field of heavy-duty truck and off-road vehicles or non-load-type body in the world.