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1 dashboard
car dashboard – Basic Introduction
different from the vehicle’s instrument vary. However, conventional instruments typically have a car speedometer, tachometer, oil pressure gauge, water temperature, fuel gauge, charging table and the like.
Under Mask modern automobile dashboards produced a wide variety of indicators or warning lights, warning lights for example liquid coolant, fuel quantity indicator, the cleaning liquid level indicator, charging indicator, variable optical distance light indicator, transmission gear indicator, anti-lock braking system (ABS) lamp, the drive force control indicator, the airbag (SRS) warning lamp and the like.
car dashboard – speedometer
speedometer actually comprised of two tables. Is a speedometer, the odometer and the other is.
Traditional mechanical type speedometer. Typical mechanical odometer connected to a flexible shaft. The flexible shaft has a wire cable. The other end of the flexible shaft is connected to one gear of the transmission. Gear driven rotary wire rope rotation. Odometer wire rope driven magnet rotating the cover a circle. Bezel coupled to the pointer by the pointer over the zero spring. Speed causes a change in the rotational speed of the magnet magnetic fluxes size. The balance is broken pointer therefore be driven. This speedometer is simple and practical. It is widely used in small and large cars. but. With the development of electronic technology. Many cars have been using electronic speedometer instrument, a common sensor signals acquired from the transmission speed, by changing the pulse frequency of a pointer deflection or digital display.
is a digital speedometer instrument, which via a worm gear meshing gears on the counter and speedometer drum shaft, the drum rotates counter. Characterized by a rotary drum on a full turn. A rotary drum turns at 1/10. As with the speedometer, odometer now have electronic odometer, it gets a signal from the speed sensor mileage. Electronic odometer mileage accumulated in the non-digital storageA volatile memory to retain the shape under the electroless status data.
car dashboard – tachometer
tachometer is generally disposed within the instrument panel. Speedometer with symmetrically placed together. Tachometer works according to the principle of magnetism. It receives an ignition pulse signal generated in the coil when the primary current is interrupted. And this signal is converted into speed values can be displayed. The faster the engine speed, the more the number of the pulse ignition coil, shown in the table speed values greater.
Now cars are generally electronic tachometer, and with a pointer-type liquid crystal digital display. Digital integrated circuits in the table. It shipped from the ignition coil after calculating the drive voltage pulse or digital display pointer movement. Another display latter tachometer speed value is sent to the tachometer pulse signal taken from the circuit to explain the generator. However, due to the impact alternator belt slippage and other factors. Value less accurate.
car dashboard – oil pressure gauge
The oil pressure gauge sensor is a piezoresistive sensor. Threadedly secured in the engine oil pipeline. Pushed by the oil pressure contact piece is moved in the resistance, so the resistance change which affects the amount of current to ground through the meter. Swing driving the hands. Since the oil pressure there is a certain pressure range, for clarity. There are many car oil pressure gauge indicated by the indicator. If it stays on when the engine is running. It means that the engine lubrication system may not be normal.
car dashboard – temperature sensor table
Table water temperature sensor is a thermistor. Is screwed on the engine cooling water. It determines the size of the thermistor current flowing through the coil windings of the water table. Thereby driving the swing table pointer. Automotive engine cooling water before the water is used to act. Now many automobile engine cooling systems use a special coolant. It is also known coolant temperature gauge.
car dashboard – two coils in the fuel gauge
The fuel gauge. Respectively quot; Frdquo; and quot; Erdquo; side, by the float sensor is a highly controlled variable resistor. Magnetic field lines determines the resistance changes in the strength of the two coils. It mustPredetermined deflection direction of the pointer.
and the water table is also useful fuel gauge indicator representation. Water temperature indicator light that the water temperature is high. Fuel fuel indicator light that almost reminds low as auxiliary.
car dashboard – and lights the alarm lamp
1 toothed timing belt indicator
Some uses a timing belt drive and top-mounted camshaft imported cars, generally limit the life of engine timing toothed belt (about l0 Wan km), the time must be replaced. In order to schedule maintenance personnel replace the timing belt, timing belt set lifetime indicator on the dashboard quot; T. BELTrdquo ;, use need to pay attention to the following points.
(1) When the light is on, observed immediately odometer, if the accumulated mileage reaches or exceeds l0 ten thousand km, must replace the timing belt, toothed belt or the timing may be broken, the engine can not work normally. After
(2) replacement of the timing belt, to the reset poke out of the rubber stopper on the odometer switch plate, with a small rod inside the reset switch is pressed at the timing indicated toothed belt light goes out. When the operation of the reset switch does not extinguish the indicator may be reset switch failure or grounding line, should maintenance and troubleshooting.
(3) replacement of the timing toothed belt even after the odometer removed, all on the odometer readings are adjusted to ldquo; 0rdquo; bits.
(4) If the vehicle has not been traveling l0 has ten thousand km indicator lights, the reset switch can be pressed so that the toothed timing belt indicator is off
(5) If the indicator is lit before replacing the timing belt, odometer should be removed, the interval counter is reset so that the counter gear section of the odometer align its zero transmission gear.
(6) If only the replacement of the odometer does not replace the timing belt, the counter gear should be set at a position on the original odometer.
The second exhaust temperature warning light
Because of the modern car TWC is mounted on the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas temperature is increased, but the high temperature of the exhaust gas easily TWC causing damage, and thus such vehicles mounted an exhaust temperature warning device. When the exhaust temperature warning lamp is lit, the driver should immediately stop or reduce the speed, until after the exhaust gas temperature drops, the alarm turns off automatically (but after fusing exhaust temperature warning lamp is lit, if not adjustments or repairs will stay lit), if the exhaust temperature warning light does not go out, you should identify the reasons for elimination of the fault and then continue driving.
the third brake warning light
brake warning light is red, the pattern is a circle ldquo;! Rdquo; symbols. If the red alarm lamp lighting the brake, the brake system described the following conditions:
(1) severely worn brake friction plate;
(2) low brake fluid level; [ 123]
(3) has been tensioned parking brake (parking brake switch closed);
(4) in general, when the red brake alarm lamp is lit, ABS alarm lamp lit simultaneously since, as in conventional brake system failure cases, ABS can not play its due role.
4 antilock brake warning lamp
anti-lock brake warning light is yellow (or amber), the circle pattern is ldquo; ABSrdquo; words.
Equipment for anti-lock brake system (ABS) of the automobile, the ignition switch ldquo; ONrdquo; When bit, ABS warning light on the dashboard lights 3 s 6 s, which is the ABS self-test is normal. A self-test process ends, if the ABS is normal, the warning lamp goes out. If the self-test after the ABS warning lamp remains illuminated described ABS electronic control unit detects a fault not conducive to normal operation of the antilock brake system (e.g., when the vehicle speed exceeds 20 km / h, the wheel speed sensor signal is not normal), or of EBV (electronic brake force distribution system) has been closed. In this case if it continues to travel, due to the function of the braking system has been affected, electronic brake force distribution system does not adjust the braking force of the rear wheels, the rear wheels may lock or drift phenomenon occurs when braking ahead of time, so there the risk of accidents, should overhaul. Different degrees
the vehicle is running, ABS warning light indicating a failure flashing or steady, blinking and the fault has been confirmed ECUAnd storage; ON means the ABS function is lost. If it is found not normal braking performance cars, but the ABS warning lamp does not shine in the road, indicating a fault in the hydraulic components and mechanical parts of the braking system, without the electronic control system.
5 traction control indicator
traction control system (ASR) is a pattern of indicator ldquo inner circle; △ rdquo; symbols.
For example FAW Bora 1.8T car having a traction control function, when the automobile is accelerated, when the ASR detects a slip tendency of the wheel, on closing the injector and the intermittent delayed ignition timing to reduce engine output torque, to adjust the traction drive wheel to prevent slipping.
ASR speed range can be in any cooperative work with ABS. When the ignition switch is turned on, the ASR enabled automatically, i.e. a so-called ldquo; default selected rdquo ;. The driver can cancel ASR traction control by manual button on the dashboard, when the ASR indicator light on the instrument panel is lit, ASR has been closed.
In the following cases, requires a certain degree of wheel slip, the ASR system should be closed.
(1) the wheel mounting snow chains.
(2) car driving on a snowy road or soft.
(3) car stuck somewhere, we need to move back and forth, out of trouble.
(4) car on a hill start, but when the adhesion of the low side of the wheel (e.g., the right tire on ice, and the left side of the tire on a dry road surface).
If this is not present, do not turn off the ASR. In the vehicle is in motion once the ASR indicator is lit, the electronic control unit (ECU) Slip closed, the driver will feel heavy to manipulate the steering wheel. The working principle of ABS / ASR system when the system fails, the transmission wheel speed sensor signal is interrupted, the control system other needs of wheel speed signal to work on the car (e.g. power-steering) while affected, only solved the problem of ASR, the steering wheel to manipulate heavy phenomenon will disappear.
6 airbag indicator
Airbag system (SRS) indicator There are three kinds of display methods, one ldquo; SRSrdquo; words, the second is ldquo; AIR BAGrdquo; the words (in August 1992 before the production of Toyota Motor), the third is ldquo; airbags protect occupants rdquo; graphics.
The main function of the indicator is an indication of SRS airbag system is in a normal state, also has a self-diagnostic function. If the ignition switch is turned ON (or ACC) position of the SRS light has been lit, fault code retrieval and display normal, indicating a battery (or SRS backup power supply electronic control unit) of the voltage is too low, but the design of the electronic control unit SRS when this is not the fault code is compiled into memory, so there is no fault code display, when the supply voltage returns to normal for about 10s, SRS indicator will be turned off.
Since SRS usually do not use, once use to be scrapped, so the system unlike other systems on the car, as in the course of performance failure phenomenon, we must find out the cause of the malfunction rely on self-diagnosis function, and therefore SRS indicator and fault code will become the most important source of information and fault diagnosis.
7 hazard warning lights
issued a warning to other vehicles and pedestrians when the hazard warning lights for automobile major failure or emergency. Representation hazard warning signal is front, rear, left and right turn signals flash simultaneously.
hazard warning lights controlled by a separate switch, generally share a turn signal flasher. When the switch is turned on hazard warning lights, turn indicators both sides of the circuit are simultaneously turned on, the front, rear, left, and right steering indicator on the dashboard lights and flash simultaneously. Because of the hazard warning flasher lamp circuit connected to the battery, so hazard warning lights may also be used when the ignition switch is turned off (OFF) and parking.